Intrinsic Motivation: A Better Way To Motivate Yourself And Others
This book is about work and motivation. The author argues that rewards and punishments no longer cuts it as an operating system for organizations. He references studies made by psychologists in the last four decades.
For most of human history, the model of industries was based on rewards and punishment. The thinking goes: If you want more of something, you reward it. If you want less of something, you punish it. An external action (rewards or punishment) is triggered to get an expected output. This is a model of Extrinsic Motivation. In a factory, where the output of workers is immediate and tangible, this model is observable. It works. It correlates with performance.
However, as more research has been done, science has found that extrinsic motivation works only in limited circumstances. It does not work for non-routine tasks or tasks that require creative insight. For those tasks, rewards and punishments hinder performance. And as work transitions from factories to offices, where the output of tasks is no longer as immediate or as tangible, the model based out of extrinsic motivation is outdated.
The author mentions that this is a gap between what science knows and what business does. Some companies are still ran with this outdated model. The science suggests that an approach based on Intrinsic Motivation boosts both performance and engagement. And it stands on three elements: autonomy, mastery and purpose.
Autonomy is self-direction; the desire to direct our own lives. Mastery is progress; the urge to get better at something that matters to us. Purpose relates to meaning; the desire to contribute to something larger than ourselves.
The author expands on these three further in the book. He also provides toolkits on what organizations and individuals can do. For businesses, the author suggests to pay people fairly to get the compensation issue out of the way, and then build policies that foster intrinsic motivation. For individuals, this requires figuring out about what really matters to you and to get closer to those things.
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